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NKOS Draft Application Profile

* * *

NKOS Application Profile (Comment Draft)

Title:
NKOS Application Profile (Comment Draft)
Creator:
DCMI/NKOS Task Group
Editors
Marcia Zeng
Maja Zumer
Identifier:
http://dublincore.org/dcx/nkos-terms/drafts/2015-01-15/
Date Issues:
2015-01-15
Document Status:
[DRAFT] Community Specification: Application Profile
Description:
An application profile for the description of knowledge organization systems (KOS) including the KOS' data model, type, protocol, status, responsible body, available format, affectivity, and other descriptive data of import to terminology registries, service registries, vocabulary users (machine and human), and retrieval systems.
Public Comment Period:
January 15, 2015-February 16, 2015
Comments Email:
[email protected]

To be licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

DOCUMENT STATUS: This is a Public Comment Draft of the DCMI Community Specification Committee (CSC) and is intended for public review and comment. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in progress.

Table of Contents

    1. Purpose & Scope
    1. Functional Requirements
    1. Domain Model
    1. Namespaces/Vocabularies Used
    1. Index of Terms
    1. Definitions
    1. Classes
    1. Properties
    1. Turtle Serialization
    1. Application Profile Development History

1. Purpose & Scope of the Application Profile

@@@

2. Functional Requirements

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3. Domain Model

Modeling Question (Stuart): The use of the FRBR model as a base seems to me to introduce some complexities that I can't resolve given the set of classes and properties in the profile. These complexities are inherent in the FRBR model and are the subject matter of considerable current discussion. As framed, the FRBR classes represent distinct sets of "things" that are logically related but actually experienced in practical terms as a unified "thing"--a book (as a whole), a KOS (as a whole). There are properties in the profile (e.g., nkos:serviceOffered) that arguably belong to instances of the "whole" on occasion (if not always) and yet we can only frame the subject of such property assertions in terms of the available individual classes. Bottom line, don't you need a KOS entity to represent the "whole"? As it stand, it seems as though I can describe the pieces of a possible KOS, but not a KOS as a whole—perhaps something akin to skos:ConceptScheme.

4. Namespaces/Vocabularies Used

Prefixed
Used		 Vocabulary
Title		 Namespace
Name
adms Asset Description Metadata Schema (ADMS) http://www.w3.org/ns/adms#
dc The Dublin Core™ Metadata Element Set, v1.1 http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
dcat Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT) http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#
dct Dublin Core™ Terms http://purl.org/dc/terms/
frbrer Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbrer/
frsad Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frsad/
nkos NKOS Terms http://purl.org/dcx/nkos-terms/
nkosType NKOS Type Vocabulary http://purl.org/dcx/nkosType/
vann Vocabulary for Annotating Vocabulary Descriptions http://purl.org/vocab/vann/
wdrs POWDER-S Vocabulary http://www.w3.org/2007/05/powder-s#

5. Index of Terms in the NKOS Application Profile

  • Classes Used from Other Namespaces in the Application Profile:

    • Agent
    • AgentClass
    • Asset
    • Expression
    • LinguisticSystem
    • Manifestation
    • MediaTypeOrExtent
    • RightsStatement
    • Thema
    • Work

  • Properties Defined in the /nkos-terms/ Namespace for the Application Profile:

    • alignedWith
    • basedOn
    • sizeNote
    • serviceOffered
    • updateFrequency
    • usedBy

  • Properties Used from Other Namespaces in the Application Profile:

    • alignedWith
    • audience
    • basedOn
    • describedBy
    • contactPoint
    • created
    • creator (resource)
    • creator (literal)
    • describedBy
    • description
    • format
    • identifier
    • isEmbodimentOf
    • isPartOf
    • isRealizationOf
    • issued
    • language
    • modified
    • publisher (resource)
    • publisher (literal)
    • relation
    • rights
    • sample
    • subject (resource)
    • subject (literal)
    • title
    • type

6. Definitions

In the following term tables, each term is specified with the following minimal set of attributes:

Name: A token appended to the URI of the LRMI namespace to create the URI of the term.
Label: The human-readable label assigned to the term.
URI: The Uniform Resource Identifier used to uniquely identify a term.
Definition: A statement that represents the concept and essential nature of the term.
Type of Term: The type of term—class or property.
Date Issued/Modified: The type of term was created or modified.

Where applicable, the following attributes provide additional information about a term and its use:

Description: Additional information about the term or its application. References: A resource referenced in the Definition or Description.
Subproperty Of: A property of which the described term is a subproperty.
Subclass Of: A class of which the described term is a subclass.
Equivalent Class: A class to which the described term is equivalent (owl:equivalentClass).
Equivalent Property: A property to which the described term is equivalent (owl:equivalentProperty).
Has Domain: Any resource that has a given property is an instance of one or more classes (rdfs:domain).
Has Range: The values of a property are instances of one or more classes. (rdfs:range)
Domain Includes: Relates a property to a class that is (one of) the type(s) the property is expected to be used on. (https://schema.org/domainIncludes).
Range Includes: Relates a property to a class that constitutes (one of) the expected type(s) for values of the property. (https://schema.org/rangeIncludes).
Usage Note: A reference to a resource that provides information on how this resource is to be used. (http://purl.org/vocab/vann/usageNote).
See Also: A resource which provides further information about the class or property (rdfs:seeAlso).
Obligation: An indication of whether a property or class is required in a NKOS metadata description. Mandatory = a statement using this property/class is required, Optional/Recommended = a statement using this property/class is optional but recommended, Optional = a statement using this property/class is optional,
Condition: Information on any additional conditions on the obligation to include a statement referencing the property in a description of a resource of the specified type
Minimum Occurrences: The minimum number of statements referencing this property that can occur in a description of a resource of the specified type.
Maximum Occurrences: The maximum number of statements referencing this property that can occur in a description of a resource of the specified type.

7. Classes Used

Agent

Name Agent
Label Agent
URI: dct:Agent
Definition: A resource that acts or has the power to act
Type of Term: rdfs:Class
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

AgentClass

Name AgentClass
Label Agent Class
URI: dct:AgentClass
Definition: A group of agents
Description: Examples of Agent Class include groups seen as classes, such as students, women, charities, lecturers.
Type of Term: rdfs:Class
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

Asset

Name Asset
Label Asset
URI: adms:Asset
Definition: An abstract entity that reflects the intellectual content of the asset and represents those characteristics of the asset that are independent of its physical embodiment. This abstract entity combines the FRBR entities work (a distinct intellectual or artistic creation) and expression (the intellectual or artistic realization of a work) [FRBR].
Description: Assets can be versioned. Every time the intellectual content of an asset changes, the result is considered to be a new asset that can be linked to previous and next versions of the Asset.
Type of Term: rdfs:Class
References: [FRBR] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_Requirements_for_Bibliographic_Records
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

Expression

Name Expression
Label Expression
URI: frbrer:C1002
Definition: The intellectual or artistic realization of a work in the form of alpha-numeric, musical, or choreographic notation, sound, image, object, movement, etc., or any combination of such forms.
Type of Term: rdfs:Class
Usage Note: A particular version of the KOS, such as in a particular language or an abridgment.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

LinguisticSystem

Name LinguisticSystem
Label Linguistic System
URI: dct:LinguisticSystem
Definition: A system of signs, symbols, sounds, gestures, or rules used in communication.
Description: Examples include written, spoken, sign, and computer languages.
Type of Term: rdfs:Class
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

Manifestation

Name Manifestation
Label Manifestation
URI: frbrer:C1003
Definition: The physical embodiment of an expression of a work.
Type of Term: rdfs:Class
Usage Note: Examples are: the printed edition of a thesaurus’ 2010 English version, the SKOS Linked Data representation of the same version.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

MediaTypeOrExtent

Name MediaTypeOrExtent
Label Media Type Or Extent
URI: dct:MediaTypeOrExtent
Definition: A media type or extent.
Type of Term: rdfs:Class
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

RightsStatement

Name RightsStatement
Label Rights Statement
URI: dct:RightsStatement
Definition: A media type or extent.
Type of Term: rdfs:Class
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

Thema

Name Thema
Label Thema
URI: frsad:Thema
Definition: Any entity used as a subject of a work.
Type of Term: rdfs:Class
Usage Note: A subject domain to which the KOS belongs. It can be a broad subject or any number of narrower subjects. Suggest using a controlled vocabulary for those subjects.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

Work

Name Work
Label Work
URI: frbrer:C1001
Definition: A distinct intellectual or artistic creation.
Type of Term: rdfs:Class
Usage Note: Usually a KOS as a whole is a work, e.g., ASIS&T Thesaurus.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

8. Properties

alignedWith

Name alignedWith
Label Aligned With
URI: http://purl.org/dcx/nkos-terms/alignedWith
Definition: A related resource on which the described resource is aligned with.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
Range Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

audience

Name audience
Label Audience
URI: http://purl.org/dcx/nkos-terms/audience
Definition: A class of entity for whom the resource is intended or useful.
Domain Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Range Includes: dc:AgentClass
Usage Note: Recommend using a controlled vocabulary.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

basedOn

Name basedOn
Label Based On
URI: nkos:basedOn
Definition: A resource used as the source for a derivative resource.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
Range Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

describedBy

Name describedBy
Label Supporting documentation
URI: wdrs:describedBy
Definition: The relationship A 'describedBy' B asserts that resource B provides a description of resource A.
Description: { ERROR: See model } There are no constraints on the format or representation of either A or B, neither are there any further constraints on either resource.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Range Includes: { ERROR: See model } frbrer:C1001
{ ERROR: See model } frbrer:C1002
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

contactPoint

Name contactPoint
Label Contact
URI: dcat:contactPoint
Definition: Links an asset to a contact point from where further information about an Asset can be obtained.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Range Includes: dct:Agent
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

created

Name created
Label Date Created
URI: dct:created
Definition: Date of creation of the resource.
Description: A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource. Date may be used to express temporal information at any level of granularity.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: { QUESTION: Creation date of what? }
Range Includes: rdfs:Literal
dct:W3CDTF
Usage Note: Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as the W3CDTF profile of ISO 8601 [W3CDTF].
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

creator

Name creator
Label Creator
URI: dct:creator
Definition: An entity primarily responsible for making the resource.
Description: Examples of a Creator include a person, an organization, or a service.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Range Includes: dct:Agent
Usage Note: Core element.
Use when the value is a resource.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

creator

Name creator
Label Creator
URI: dc:creator
Definition: An entity primarily responsible for making the resource.
Description: Examples of a Creator include a person, an organization, or a service.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Range Includes: rdfs:Literal
Usage Note: Core element.
Use when the value is a literal.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

describedBy

Name describedBy
Label Described By
URI: wdrs:describedBy
Definition: The relationship A 'describedBy' B asserts that resource B provides a description of resource A.
Description: { ERROR: See model; Perhaps B but not A. In the model, A is of the classes Work, Expression, Manifestation } There are no constraints on the format or representation of either A or B, neither are there any further constraints on either resource.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Range Includes: rdfs:Literal
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

description

Name description
Label Description
URI: dct:description
Definition: An account of the resource.
Description: Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, a table of contents, a graphical representation, or a free-text account of the resource.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: { Description of what? }
Range Includes: { Is this intended to be a literal? } rdfs:Literal
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

format

Name format
Label Format
URI: dct:format
Definition: The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource.
Description: Examples of dimensions include size and duration. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the list of Internet Media Types [MIME].
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: { Which resource(s) have a format? }
Range: dct:MediaTypeOrExtent
References: [MIME] http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

identifier

Name identifier
Label Identifier
URI: dct:identifier
Definition: An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context.
Description: Recommended best practice is to identify the resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: { Identifier of what? Work? Expression? Manifestation? }
Range: rdfs:Literal
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

isEmbodimentOf

Name isEmbodimentOf
Label Is Embodiment Of
URI: frbrer:isEmbodimentOf
Definition: Relates a manifestation to an expression that is embodied in the manifestation.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain: frbrer:C1003
Range: frbrer:C1002
Usage Note: Core property.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

isPartOf

Name isPartOf
Label Is Part Of
URI: dct:isPartOf
Definition: A related resource in which the described resource is [physically or] logically included.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Range Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Usage Note: { Stuart: I don't understand this usage note at all--a KOS? Model shows this property used in domain/range pairings for Work, Expression & Manifestation...i.e., Work--iPartOf-->Work, Expression--isPartOf-->Expression, Manifestation--isPartOf-->Manifestation } A related KOS, in which the described KOS is logically included.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

isRealizationOf

Name isRealizationOf
Label Is Realization Of
URI: frbrer:isRealizationOf
Definition: Relates an expression to the work that is realized through the expression.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain: frbrer/C1002
Range: frbrer/C1001
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

issued

Name issued
Label Date Issued
URI: dct:issued
Definition: Date of formal issuance (e.g., publication) of the resource.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: { Date issued for what resources? } @@@
Range Includes: rdfs:Literal
{ WHY NOT (also): }dct:W3CDTF
Usage Note: Core property.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

language

Name language
Label Language
URI: dot:language
Definition: A language of the resource.
Description: Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as RFC 4646 [RFC4646].
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: { Language of which resources in the model? }
Range: http://purl.org/dc/terms/LinguisticSystem
References: [RFC4646] http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4646.txt
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

modified

Name modified
Label Date Modified
URI: dct:modified
Definition: Date on which the resource was changed.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: { Modification date for which resources? } @@@
Range Includes: rdfs:Literal
{ WHY NOT (also): } dct:W3CDTF
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

publisher

Name publisher
Label Publisher
URI: dct:publisher
Definition: An entity responsible for making the resource available.
Description: Examples of a Publisher include a person, an organization, or a service.
Type of Term: rdfs:Property
Domain Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Range: dct:Agent
Usage Note: Use when value is a resource.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

publisher

Name publisher
Label Publisher
URI: dc:publisher
Definition: An entity responsible for making the resource available.
Description: Examples of a Publisher include a person, an organization, or a service.
Type of Term: rdfs:Property
Domain Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Range: rdfs:Literal
Usage Note: Use when value is a literal.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

relation

Name relation
Label Relation
URI: dct:basedOn
Definition: A related resource.
Type of Term: rdf:Property
Domain Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Range Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

rights

Name rights
Label Rights
URI: dct:rights
Definition: Information about rights held in and over the resource.
Description: Typically, rights information includes a statement about various property rights associated with the resource, including intellectual property rights.
Type of Term: rdfs:Property
Domain Includes: frbrer:C1001
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Range: dct:RightsStatement
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

sizeNote

Name sizeNote
Label Size Note
URI: nkos:sizeNote
Definition: Number of concepts, terms, or other semantic units included in a KOS.
Type of Term: rdfs:Property
Domain Includes: { Size of what? } @@@
Range: { Is this intended to be a literal? } rdfs:Literal
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

sample

Name sample
Label Sample
URI: adms:sample
Definition: Links to a sample of an Asset (which is itself an Asset).
Type of Term: rdfs:Property
Domain Includes: adms:Asset
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Range Includes: adms:Asset
frbrer:C1002
frbrer:C1003
Usage Note: A link to a fragment of the resource.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

serviceOffered

Modeling Question: Per the comment under to domain model section, a serviceOffered has a subject of what?. A second complexity: How does a KOS offer services. Services require some agency, don't they?

Plurals Question: The property is singular ("service") while the label and definition are plural. Not clear whether we have a property intended to identify one service (and perhaps be repeatable),or a literal block of text that identifies all services.

Name serviceOffered
Label Services Offered
URI: nkos:serviceOffered
Definition: Services provided to users for the described resources.
Type of Term: rdfs:Property
Domain Includes: { ??? }
Range: { Is this intended to be a literal? } rdfs:Literal
Usage Note: Example: download, extract, query, annotation.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

subject

Name subject
Label Subject
URI: dct:subject
Definition: The topic of the resource.
Description: Typically, the subject will be represented using keywords, key phrases, or classification codes. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Type of Term: rdfs:Property
Domain: frbrer:C1001
Range: frsad:Thema
Usage Note: Use when the value is a resource
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

subject

Name subject
Label Subject
URI: dc:subject
Definition: The topic of the resource.
Description: Typically, the subject will be represented using keywords, key phrases, or classification codes. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Type of Term: rdfs:Property
Domain: frbrer:C1001
Range: frsad:Thema
Usage Note: Use when the value is a literal such as a tag or keyword.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

title

Name title
Label Title
URI: dot:title
Definition: A name given to the resource.
Type of Term: rdfs:Property
Domain Includes: { Which resources have a title? } @@@
Range: { Assuming a literal } rdfs:Literal
Usage Note: Core property.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

type

Name type
Label Type
URI: dct:type
Definition: The nature or genre of the resource.
Description: @@@
Type of Term: rdfs:Property
Domain: { Which resources are expected to be the subject of this property? } @@@
Domain Includes: @@@
Range Includes: rdfs:Class
http://purl.org/dcx/nkosType/
Usage Note: Core element.
Type of knowledge organization system or structure. Recommend use of KOS Types Vocabulary.
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

updateFrequency

Name updateFrequency
Label Frequency of Update
URI: nkos:updateFrequency
Definition: The period in which a KOS is typically updated.
Type of Term: rdfs:Property
Domain: { BUT, what is "the KOS"? The Work, Manifestation, Expression or some undefined intangible comprised of them? @@@
Range Includes: http://dublincore.org/specifications/dublin-core/collection-description/frequency/
rdfs:Literal
Usage Note: Suggest using DCMI Collection Description Frequency Vocabulary. [Frequency]
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

usedBy

Name usedBy
Label Used By
URI: nkos:usedBy
Definition: Agent using the described KOS.
Type of Term: rdfs:Property
Domain: { BUT, what is "the KOS"? The Work, Manifestation, Expression or some undefined intangible comprised of them? } @@@
Range: dct:Agent
Range Includes: @@@
Date Draft Issued: 2015-@@-@@

9. Turtle Serialization

The following turtle serialization embodies the new properties created in the /nkos-terms/ namespace for the NKOS application profile:

@prefix adms: <http://www.w3.org/ns/adms#> .
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> .
@prefix dcat: <http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#> .
@prefix dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix frbrer: <http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbrer/> .
@prefix frsad: <http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frsad/> .
@prefix nkos: <http://purl.org/dcx/nkosType/> .
@prefix nkosType: <http://purl.org/dcx/nkos-terms/> .
@prefix vann: <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/> .
@prefix wdrs: <http://www.w3.org/2007/05/powder-s#> .
@prefix xml: <http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .

#========================= 
# NKOS SCHEMA DESCRIPTION
#=========================

#========================= 
# NKOS PROPERTIES
#=========================

10. Application Profile Development History

@@@